As the dry season blankets tropical regions, farmers are confronted with a distinct set of challenges, particularly in shielding their crops from prevalent diseases. In considering this, it’s crucial to acknowledge the unique dynamics that unfold during this arid period. The scarcity of water, a hallmark of the dry season, sets the stage for the proliferation of plant diseases as some of the major plant disease tend to spread. Drought stress emerges as a significant factor, compromising the natural defences of plants and rendering them more susceptible to fungal infections since the plants are deficient of enough water for sustainability. Notably, fungi such as powdery mildew and anthracnose seize the opportunity presented by these dry conditions by wreaking havoc on various crops.
The scorching heat synonymous with the dry season in the tropics introduces bacterial diseases as silent yet substantial threats to crops whereas bacteria-induced leaf spots, wilts, and blights can swiftly devastate entire fields. Vigilant monitoring and early detection are crucial to containing the rapid spread of bacterial infections in the dry, warm climate that we are possibly experiencing by now. Also, viruses, though unseen to the naked eye, become more pronounced during the dry season as discussed by Amari (2021). These microscopic adversaries infect a wide range of crops, causing stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, and reduced yields. Strict hygiene measures, including the thorough sanitisation of tools and equipment, are imperative to prevent the inadvertent transmission of viruses between plants.
In light of these challenges, a proactive stance is necessary to mitigate the impact of plant diseases during the dry season. Crop rotation, effective soil moisture management, and the cultivation of disease-resistant varieties remain crucial measures to bolster plant resilience. Additionally, the utilisation of organic fungicides and bactericides proves to be effective in preventing and controlling disease outbreaks.
