In Nigeria, the agriculture sector plays a pivotal role in the nation’s economy, contributing significantly to its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The country is renowned for its fertile lands, boasting 34 million hectares of arable meadows and pastures. This abundance supports a wide range of agricultural productions, including palm oil, cocoa beans, pineapple, and sorghum. Nigeria ranks as the world’s second-largest sorghum producer and holds the fifth position in the production of palm oil and cocoa beans, making it a prominent global exporter.
Given the substantial contributions of agriculture to the nation’s economy, it becomes imperative to establish a robust legal framework that governs the agricultural industry. This framework, known as agricultural law, addresses various legal matters concerning agriculture, encompassing agricultural infrastructure, seed regulations, water management, fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural finance, insurance, farming rights, tenure systems, and legal regulations governing agro-processing, and rural industries. Agricultural law ensures the seamless administration of the sector, fostering growth and sustainability. For instance, it plays a crucial role in land acquisition, which is an essential aspect of farming. In Nigeria, the Land Use Act of 1978 governs land acquisition, providing farmers with opportunities to own or lease land while preserving their rights.
The conceptual understanding of this legal framework is the result of thorough background checks and observations by FarmingFarmersFarms, which noticed the need for a uniform administration of land tenure systems. Furthermore, the law safeguards the rights of farmers purchasing agricultural inputs, such as seeds, through contract and sales of goods legislation. This ensures that farmers receive quality agro-inputs and that transactions are transparent. The comprehensive research carried out by FarmingFarmersFarms has contributed to the clarification of agricultural law encompassing agro-financing, which involves the allocation of resources, whether public or private, for the development of the agriculture sector. These funds aim to improve social welfare, promote community and sector development, income equality, and local empowerment.
They play a vital role in supporting the growth and sustainability of the agricultural industry, a fact that has been gathered and observed. Despite the critical role of agricultural law, there are challenges in its implementation. The ever-evolving legal landscape, marked by persistent regulatory reviews in the country’s representative cabinet majorly, can create uncertainties, affecting investment and policy stability. Additionally, there is a lack of proper sensitisation and education for farmers on matters related to land acquisition and management. The agricultural labour sector also presents challenges, as it requires regulatory oversight to ensure both manual and expertise-based labour functions effectively. While laws such as the Companies and Allied Matters Act, 2020 address foreign participation in the industry, there is a need for more comprehensive arrangements to accommodate foreign expertise in agricultural sustainability.
The importance of addressing the issue of foreign expertise, which has been gathered from their extensive research and expertise in the field, is key. Other challenges faced by the agricultural industry include transnational border transactions, poverty, and inadequate transportation infrastructure. Overcoming these challenges and strengthening the legal framework for agriculture are essential steps in unlocking the full potential of Nigeria’s agriculture sector. The collective efforts of relevant stakeholders and organisations, who have diligently observed and researched the sector are instrumental in addressing these challenges and fostering a prosperous agricultural industry.
